Math 10 Common

Unit 4 Systems of Equations

General Outcome: Develop algebraic and graphical reasoning through the study of relations.

In this unit, you will solve problems involving ...

Chapter 8 Solving Systems of Linear Equations Graphically

Big Ideas

When you have completed this chapter, you will be able to...

Specific Outcome: It is expected that students will:

9. Solve problems that involve systems of linear equations in two variables, graphically and algebraically.

[CN, PS, R, T, V] [ICT: C6-4.1]

Open Specific Outcome 3.9 General Notes

General Notes

Students are expected to apply multiple strategies in solving systems of equations.

While students are expected to solve most systems of equations algebraically, it is important that they be able to connect the solution with the graphical representation of the system.

Technology [T] has been identified as one of the mathematical processes to be addressed in completing this outcome. For some systems of equations, technology may be a more efficient way to solve the systems.

Strategies selected should be appropriate for the system of equations being solved.

The systems of equations may include the equations of horizontal or vertical lines.

In Achievement Indicator 9.1, students are expected to select variables that are contextually appropriate.

In Achievement Indicator 9.7, students are expected to explain why they chose a particular strategy to solve a system of linear equations.

Open Achievement Indicators

Achievement Indicators

Acceptable Standard

Standard of Excellence

3.9.1 Model a situation, using a system of linear equations. Model a given situation. Solve a given complex situation in which additional information may be needed.
3.9.2 Relate a system of linear equations to the context of a problem. Give a partial explanation. Give a complete explanation, including any restrictions on the domain and range.
3.9.3 Determine and verify the solution of a system of linear equations graphically, with and without technology. **
3.9.4 Explain the meaning of the point of intersection of a system of linear equations. **
3.9.5 Determine and verify the solution of linear equations algebraically. **
3.9.6 Explain, using examples, why a system of equations may have no solution, on solution, or an infinite number of solutions. Give a partial explanation. Give a complete explanation.
3.9.7 Explain a strategy to solve a system of linear equations. Explain a strategy. Explain a strategy and justify the choice of method.
3.9.8 Solve a problem that involves a system of linear equations. **

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8.1 Systems of Linear Equations and Graphs

Focus on...

Point of intersection

A point at which two lines touch or cross


System of linear equations

Two or more linear equations involving common variables

Solution (to a system of linear equations)
A point of intersection of the lines on a graph
An ordered pair that satisfies both equations
A pair of values occurring in the tables of values of both equations

Systems of linear equations can be modelled numerically, graphically or algebraically.
The solution to a linear system is a pair of values that occurs in each table of values, an intersection point of the lines on a graph, or an ordered pair that satisfies each equation.
One way to solve a system of linear equations is to graph the lines and identify the point of intersection on the graph.

A solution to a system of linear equations can be verified using several methods:

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8.2 Modelling and Solving Linear Systems

Focus on...

When modelling word problems, assign variables that are meaningful to the context of the problem.
To assist in visualizing or organizing a word problem, you can use a diagram and /or a table of values.

If a situation involves quantities that change at constant rates, you can represent it using a system of linear equations.

If you know the initial values and rates, you can write the equations directly in slope-intercept form because the intial value is the y-intercept and the rate is the slope. Otherwise, you can determine the rate of change using start and end values.

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8.3 Number of Solutions for Systems of Linear Equations

Focus on...

When solving a system of linear equations, there are three possible options for the results:
  1. Intersect at one point (most common)
  2. Intersect at an infinite number of points (coincident lines)
  3. No intersection (no solution, parallel lines)

Coincident lines

Lines that occupy the same position
In a graph of two coincident lines, any point of either line lies on the other line.

A system of linear equations can have one solution, no solution or an infinite number of solutions. Before solving, you can predict the number of solutions for a linear system by comparing the slopes and y-intercepts. For some linear systems, reducing the equations to lowest terms and comparing the coefficients of the x-terms, y-terms, and constants may help you predict the number of solutions.